Platelet Transfusion Strategies for MASPAT-Matched Platelet Transfusion Failed Patient with Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the causes of ineffectiveness of platelet transfusion with monoclonal antibody solid phase platelet antibody test (MASPAT) matching in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and explore the strategies of platelet transfusion.@*METHODS@#A case of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) induced by transfusion which ultimately resulted in transplantation failure and ineffective platelet transfusion with MASPAT matching was selected, and the causes of ineffective platelet transfusion and platelet transfusion strategy were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The 32-year-old female patient was diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia (high risk) in another hospital with the main symptoms of fever and leukopenia, who should be admitted for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after remission by chemotherapy. In the course of chemotherapy, DSA was generated due to platelet transfusion, and had HLA gene loci incompatible with the donor of the first transplant, leading to the failure of the first transplant. The patient received platelet transfusion for several times before and after transplantation, and the results showed that the effective rate of MASPAT matched platelet transfusion was only 35.3%. Further analysis showed that the reason for the ineffective platelet transfusion was due to the missed detection of antibodies by MASPAT method. During the second hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the DSA-negative donor was selected, and the matching platelets but ineffective transfusion during the primary transplantation were avoided. Finally, the patient was successfully transplanted and discharged from hospital.@*CONCLUSIONS@#DSA can cause graft failure or render the graft ineffective. For the platelet transfusion of patients with DSA, the platelet transfusion strategy with matching type only using MASPAT method will miss the detection of antibodies, resulting in invalid platelet transfusion.

Preliminary Study on Screening and Identification of Lewis a Antigen Mimic Epitope in Alpaca Phage Display Nanobody Library / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a new method for synthesizing Lewis blood group antigens, that is, the mimotopes of Lewis blood group antigens were screened by using an alpaca phage display nanobody library.@*METHODS@#We selected mimotopes of the Lewis a (lea) antigen by affinity panning of an alpaca phage display nanobody library using a monoclonal anti-lea antibody. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the affinity of the positive clones for the monoclonal anti-lea antibody, and the high-affinity positive clones were selected for sequencing and synthesis. Finally, the sensitivity, specificity and reactivity of the synthesized lea mimotope in clinical samples were verified by ELISA.@*RESULTS@#A total of 96 phage clones were randomly selected, and 24 were positive. Fourteen positive clones with the highest affinity were selected for sequencing. The result showed that there were 5 different sequences, among which 3 sequences with the highest frequency, largest difference and highest affinity were selected for expression and synthesis. The sensitivity and specificity of lea mimic antigen by ELISA showed that, the minimum detection limit of gel microcolumn assay (GMA) and ELISA method were 25 times different, and the lea mimic antigen had no cross reacted with the other five unrelated monoclonal antibodies(P<0.001). Finally, 30 clinical plasma samples were analyzed. The mean absorbance of the 15 positive plasma samples was significantly higher than that of the 15 negative plasma samples (P=0.02). However, the positive signal values of the clinical samples were much lower than those of the monoclonal antibodies.@*CONCLUSION@#A new method of screening lea mimic antigen by using alpaca phage nanoantibody library has been established, which is expected to realize the screening of lea mimotopes, thus realizing the application of high-sensitivity detection methods such as ELISA and chemiluminescence in blood group antibody identification.

A Novel Lyophilized PRP-Loaded Gel Based on Chitosan and PEG with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Properties / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#A dynamic gel loaded with lyophilized platelet-rich plasma-chitosan/difunctionalized polyethylene glycol (LPRP-CP) was prepared to investigate its hemostatic antibacterial and promoting wound healing of scald wounds through in vitro and in vivo experiments.@*METHODS@#In this study, normal gauze/blank tablet (Ctrl), LPRP-CP, Chitosan HUCHUANG Powder(Chito P)and ChitoGauze XP PRO group (Chito G group) were set. The hemostatic effect and promoting healing effect of the four groups of materials were evaluated by establishing rabbit ear artery hemorrhage model and superficial Ⅱ° scalded model of skin on the back. The hemostatic time and bleeding amount were calculated and the gross and histological results of scald healing were observed. The antibacterial effect of the four groups of materials was evaluated by antibacterial test in vitro.@*RESULTS@#In the rabbit ear arterial hemorrhage model, the hemostasis of all materials was successful. The hemostatic time of Ctrl, Chito P, LPRP-CP and Chito G groups was 213.33±38.30, 118.33±24.01, 115.00±8.37 and 111.67±11.69 s, respectively. The blood loss was 1233.83±992.27, 346.67±176.00, 193.33±121.47 and 147.50±80.66 mg, respectively. Compared with Ctrl, the hemostasis time of LPRP-CP, Chito P and Chito G group was significantly shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of blood loss of LPRP-CP and Chito G group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with LPRP-CP, there were no significant differences in hemostatic time and blood loss between Chito P and Chito G group (P>0.05). In the model of superficial Ⅱ° scalded on the back of rabbit, the wound healing rate of LPRP-CP was faster than that of the other three groups at the same time, and the healing effect was perfect. In the antibacterial test in vitro, only LPRP-CP had better anti-S. aureus effect, and all groups had no anti-E. coli effect.@*CONCLUSION@#LPRP-CP is an excellent hemostatic material for superficial wounds, and has certain antibacterial and wound healing effects, which has a wide academic value and research prospects.

Research and Application Progress of Chitosan-based Hemostatic Materials---Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Whether in war or peace, timely, effective and accurate hemostasis is an important measure to improve the survival rate and cure rate of the wounded. All the countries in the world are actively developing different types of hemostatic materials so as to reduce the amount of bleeding in an emergency and create favorable conditions for subsequent transport and treatment. At present, the commercialized hemostatic materials are mainly divided into natural biological, synthetic biological, mineral and coagulation components, but all these materials have their own limitations. In this article, the characteristics of chitosan and its derivatives are reviewed as the representatives of the natural organic macromolecular polysaccharide hemostasis materials. Their molecular structures, biomedical properties, domestic and foreign research and application progress as well as comparison with applications of other hemostatic materials are involved. The further research is prospected for optimization and innovation to develop composite chitosan hemostatic materials with the function of hemostasis, antibiosis, pain relief and promoting wound healing.

Structural Differences in Series Scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale in Parkinson's Disease Patients / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the structural differences in series scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) in Parkinson's disease patients with anxiety. Methods:From January, 2016 to December, 2017, 180 inpatients with Parkinson's disease in Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Beijing Tiantan Hospital were reviewed. Their age, gender, course of disease were recorded, and were assessed with HAMA, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRSIII)，Hoehn-Yahr stage and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). They were divided into non-anxiety group, possible anxiety group, anxiety group and very anxiety group according to the scores of HAMA. The demographics, clinical data and series scores of HAMA were compared among these groups. The correlation between HAMA and HAMD were anlyzed. Results:The course of disease, UPDRSIII scores and the most improvement ratio by drug increased with the severities of anxiety (F > 4.951, P < 0.001), as well as the series scores of HAMA (F > 188.241, P < 0.001); however, the proportion of psychogenic anxiety score increased with the severities of anxiety. The scores of HAMA correlated with the scores of HAMD (r = 0.665, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The more serious the anxiety is, the more psychogenic are in Parkinson's disease patients.

Risk Factors of Apathy in Parkinson's Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To study the prevalence and related factors of apathy in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)． Methods:From November, 2017 to December, 2019, 254 PD patients in our hospital were included. According to Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS), they were divided into apathy group and non-apathy group. Clinical data such as demographic data, motor symptoms, non-motor symptoms and motor complications were collected for comparison between two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors of apathy in PD. Results:Among 254 PD patients, 124 (48.8%) cases were in apathy. Compared with non-apathy group, apathy group was older in age and age of onset, higher in the scores of Movement Disorder Society United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (MDS-UPDRS Ⅲ), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (t > 2.291, P < 0.05), and lower in the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) (t > 22.424, P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in gender, time of education, body mass index (BMI), disease course, Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage, wearing-off phenomenon, dyskinesia, on-and-off phenomenon, and the scores of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDQ) and Epworth Sleeping Scale (ESS) between two groups (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the age of disease onset, MoCA and HAMD scores were correlated with apathy in patients with PD (P < 0.05). Conclusion:The presence of apathy in PD may be associated with older age of disease onset, severity of depression and cognitive impairment.

Structural Differences of Depression for Patients with Parkinson's Disease Using Hamilton Depression Scale / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the structural differences and the trend in series scores of Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2017 to March, 2018, 168 PD patients from Beijing Tiantan Hospital were reviewed. Their genders, ages, courses of disease, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale III (UPDRS III) scores，Hoehn-Yahr stage and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, the most improvement ratios by PD drug and other clinical data were collected. The patients were divided into non-depression group (n = 61), mild depression group (n = 68) and moderate depression group (n = 39) according to the HAMD scores. The series scores of HAMD among the groups were compared. Results:The factor scores all increased with depression exacerbating (F > 10.546, P < 0.001), except day and night change in the mild depression group, while the proportion of anxiety/somatization score decreased, and the proportion of cognitive disorder and retardant scores increased. Conclusion:The depression structure changes in PD patients with depression exacerbating, which means decrease of anxiety/somatization and increase of cognitive disorder and retardant.

Association between Ser9Gly Polymorphism of DRD3 Gene and Depression in Parkinson's Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objectives:To explore the relationship between the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) polymorphism on Ser9Gly and depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2016 to June, 2018, 312 Chinese patients with PD were divided into depression group (n = 132) and non-depression group (n = 180) according to scores of Hamilton Depression Scale. A total of 252 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited as control group. Their blood samples were collected. Genotyping of Ser9Gly polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:No statistical difference was identified in Ser9Gly polymorphism among three groups in both gene types and allel (χ2 = 3.095, χ2 = 2.627, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Ser9Gly polymorphism in DRD3 gene may not be a susceptible factor for depression in PD in China.

Association between Ser9Gly Polymorphism of DRD3 Gene and Depression in Parkinson's Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objectives:To explore the relationship between the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) polymorphism on Ser9Gly and depression in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods:From June, 2016 to June, 2018, 312 Chinese patients with PD were divided into depression group (n = 132) and non-depression group (n = 180) according to scores of Hamilton Depression Scale. A total of 252 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were recruited as control group. Their blood samples were collected. Genotyping of Ser9Gly polymorphism was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results:No statistical difference was identified in Ser9Gly polymorphism among three groups in both gene types and allel (χ2 = 3.095, χ2 = 2.627, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Ser9Gly polymorphism in DRD3 gene may not be a susceptible factor for depression in PD in China.

Association of Polymorphisms of COL6A3 Gene with Sporadic Isolated Dystonia in China / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the relationship between the polymorphisms of exon 41 in COL6A3 and sporadic isolated dystonia in China. Methods A total of 127 outpatients with isolated dystonia and other 130 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were collected their blood samples. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was screened from 1000 Genomes Project. Genotype was detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the genotype and allele distribution were compared between the patients and the controls. Results Two SNPs in exon 41 in COL6A3 were found,named rs1131296 and rs2270669.There was no difference be-tween the patients and the controls in both genotype and allele(χ2<1.829,P>0.05).There was no difference in the age of onset among the patients with various genotypes(P>0.05). Conclusion Polymorphism of exon 41 in COL6A3 gene may not contribute to risk of sporadic isolated dystonia in China.

Characteristics of Tremor in Young or Late Onset Parkinson's Disease / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To compare the characteristics of tremor and improvement after acute levodopa challenge test in young onset Parkinson's disease(YOPD)and late onset Parkinson's disease(LOPD)with a cross-sectional study. Methods From Match to September,2017,70 Parkinson's disease inpatients with rest or postural tremor in at least one extremity were included,in which 23 patients were in YOPD group,and other 47 in LOPD group according to their ages of onset.They finished acute levodopa challenge test and were analyzed for dominant tremor frequen-cy,amplitude and rhythm under resting state,posturing and holding 1000 grams state,respectively. Results YOPD group was younger(t=-2.423,P<0.01)with lower Hoehn-Yahr stage(χ2=-4.604,P<0.05),and needed less equivalent dose of levodopa at early stage(first five years)(t=-2.119,P<0.05).There was a bigger ratio of patients with rest tremor in frequency of four to six Hz in YOPD group than in LOPD group(χ2=3.896,P<0.05). Rigidity and bradykinesia scores of LOPD group positively correlated with the course of disease (r=0.34, P<0.05),while it was not found in YOPD group. Conclusion Tremor expresses most in the classical way in YOPD patients,and tremor analysis could help to diagnose young adults. Both YOPD and LOPD patients get well in acute levodopa challenge test, while YOPD patients need less equivalent dose of levodopa at early stage.

Pro-angiogenic effect of SEHM formula on HUVEC cells in vitro and Zebrafish in vivo and action mechanism study / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate pro-angiogenic effect of SEHM formula on HUVEC cells in vitro and Zebrafish in vivo and the related action mechanism .Methods VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor II ( VRI)-induced ze-brafish intersegmental vessels ( ISVs ) damaged model was established to observe the protective effect of SE-HM formula on ISVs under fluorescence microscope . The pro-angiogenic effect on subintestinal vessels ( SIVs ) of water decoction of SEHM formula in ze-brafish was observed and the mRNA level of VEGFRs , including flt-1, kdr, kdrl, was measured by real-time PCR.The experimental models of the HUVEC cells were set up and the toxicity and promoting proliferation effect of water decoction of SEHM formula in HUVEC cells were assessed by cell viability assay (MTT), and then the levels of Akt, p38, p-p38, p44/42, p-p44/42, VEGFR-1 were detected by Western blot at 6, 12 and 24 h.Results SEHM formula treatment groups could significantly protect VRI-induced zebrafish ISVs loss(P<0.01) and presented pro-angiogenic effect on zebrafish SIVs obviously(P<0.01).The mRNA level of VEGFRs, including flt-1, kdr, kdrl.was up-regula-ted by SEHM formula treatment group significantly (P<0.05) compared with VRI group.Compared with control group , and SEHM formula treatment group could apparently promote proliferation in HUVEC cells and up-regulate the level of Akt, p38, p-p38, p44/42, p-p44/42, VEGFR-1.Conclusions Water de-coction of SEHM formula could present pro-angiogenic effect on SIVs in zebrafish and promote proliferation of HUVEC cells significantly , and its action mechanism may be related to up-regulating the expression of VEG-FR.

Renal artery embolization with exploratory laparotomy for management of massive colonic hemorrhage after renal biopsy: a case report / 南方医科大学学报

We report a case of massive colonic hemorrhage after renal biopsy managed by renal artery embolization combined with exploratory laparotomy. Clinicians must be alert for such rare anatomical abnormalities as ectopic colon behind the kidney and the risk of colonic hemorrhage following renal biopsy. In this case, artery embolization combined with exploratory laparotomy successfully and quickly stopped the bleeding and avoided possible organ resection.

Expression of cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Recently, the immunotherapy has been highlighted among cancer treatments. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) has been studied in a variety of solid tumors because of its specific expression in tumors, and testis, ovary and placenta tissues, but not in other normal tissues. In order to provide a new approach for multiple myeloma (MM) immunotherapy, we examined the CTA expression in MM cell lines, and primary myeloma cells in patients with MM. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 in MM cell lines of RPMI-8226 and U266, and bone marrow (BM) cells of 25 MM patients and 18 healthy volunteers. The results showed that the 4 CTAs were expressed in RPMI-8226 and U266 cell lines. The positive expression rate of MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 in the BM cells of 25 MM patients was 28% (7/25), 80% (20/25), 40% (10/25) and 68% (17/25), respectively. In contrast, the expression of any member of the CTAs was not detected in BM cells of 18 healthy volunteers. The expression of two or more CTAs was detected in 80% (20/25) MM patients, and that of at least one CTA in 88% (22/25). The mRNA expression levels of SSX1 and SSX4 were significantly higher in patients with MM at stage III than in those at stage I and II (P<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed in the mRNA expression levels of MAGE-C1/CT7 and SSX2 in further stratified analyses by age, gender, MM types and percentage of MM cells in BM (P>0.05). In conclusion, our present study showed that MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 were co-expressed in MM cell lines and the primary myeloma cells in MM patients, but not expressed in BM cells of healthy subjects. The mRNA levels of SSX1 and SSX4 are associated with MM clinical stage. This work may provide a new insight into MM immunotherapy in the future.

Callus induction and content variation of major active constituents of Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba / 中草药

Objective: To study the callus induction and the content of active components magnolol and honokiol from Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba and to find a new way to obtain medicinal ingredients in order to supplement the medicinal resources. Methods: Different vegetative organs from different provenances were adopted as explants, and different kinds of plant regulators with different concentration were used to induce the callus. The precursor compounds, L-phenylalanine and D, L, β-phenylalanine, were added into the subculture medium to induce the synthesis of callus; HPLC method was used to detect the total phenolic content of magnolol and honokiol in callus obtained through different culturing ways. Results: The optimal callus induction medium was: B5 + 6-BA 2.0 mg/L + 2, 4-D 1.5 mg/L; The total phenolic content of callus induced from different provenances had a significant difference in the range of 0.004%-0.228%; There was difference of total phenolic content in different regetative organs as explants, the callus cultured from young stems had the highest magnolol and honokiol content of 0.25%; Adding the precursor compound D, L, β-phenylalanine into the subculture medium could effectively improve the total phenolic content of callus by 8-10 times. Conclusion: There is little content of magnolol and honokiol in the callus of M. officinalis subsp. biloba, and the synthesis of total phenolic contents are significantly different in the callus from different provenances and different organs. D, L, β-phenylalanine could effectively improve the synthesis of total phenolic content in callus, and this research has the important significance for sustainable utilization of resources of M. officinalis subsp. biloba.

Establishment of rapid propagation system of Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba / 中草药

Objective: To establish a rapid propagation system of Magnolia officinalis subsp. biloba. Methods: Using peeling seeds of M. officinalis subsp. biloba as the initial explants, different media and various combinations of plant growth regulators (6-BA, NAA, IBA, and IAA) on the seeds germination, the seedlings subculture, and rooting culture were studied by single factor test and orthogonal test. Results: The best culture medium of seeds germination was B5 + 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + NAA 0.1 mg/L, and the budding percentage was 87.0%; The effective medium for cluster buds-inducing and subculture was MS + 6-BA 2.5 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L, and the propagation coefficient was 6.2; The best rooting medium was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.5 mg/L, and the rooting rate was over 84% after 30 d. Conclusion: Rapid propagation technique system is established in order to lay technique foundation for the industrial production of M. officinalis subsp. biloba.

Expression of cancer-testis antigen in multiple myeloma / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Recently, the immunotherapy has been highlighted among cancer treatments. Cancer-testis antigen (CTA) has been studied in a variety of solid tumors because of its specific expression in tumors, and testis, ovary and placenta tissues, but not in other normal tissues. In order to provide a new approach for multiple myeloma (MM) immunotherapy, we examined the CTA expression in MM cell lines, and primary myeloma cells in patients with MM. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 in MM cell lines of RPMI-8226 and U266, and bone marrow (BM) cells of 25 MM patients and 18 healthy volunteers. The results showed that the 4 CTAs were expressed in RPMI-8226 and U266 cell lines. The positive expression rate of MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 in the BM cells of 25 MM patients was 28% (7/25), 80% (20/25), 40% (10/25) and 68% (17/25), respectively. In contrast, the expression of any member of the CTAs was not detected in BM cells of 18 healthy volunteers. The expression of two or more CTAs was detected in 80% (20/25) MM patients, and that of at least one CTA in 88% (22/25). The mRNA expression levels of SSX1 and SSX4 were significantly higher in patients with MM at stage III than in those at stage I and II (P0.05). In conclusion, our present study showed that MAGE-C1/CT7, SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 were co-expressed in MM cell lines and the primary myeloma cells in MM patients, but not expressed in BM cells of healthy subjects. The mRNA levels of SSX1 and SSX4 are associated with MM clinical stage. This work may provide a new insight into MM immunotherapy in the future.

Effects of high temperature stress on plasma membrane permeability and chloroplast structure of Huperzia serrata / 中草药

Objective: Huperzia serrata, whose growth is limited by high temperature, is a rare medicinal plant with the treatment function for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To research the effect of high temperature on the structure and function of cell membrane and chloroplast, and to provide the evidence for production practices. Methods: H. serrata was processed at 25, 30, 35, and 40°C, respectively, then the content changes of malondial dehyde (MDA) and conductivity rate, and the content changes of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll a/b values were measured. The changes of the chloroplast ultra microstructure were observed under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results: The changes of MDA and conductivity rate in the process at 35 and 40°C were significantly higher than those of the control group; After processed at 40°C for 4 d, the total chlorophyll was decreased significantly, and became the lowest on the day 6, just was 58% compared to the control group; the change trends to the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll were similar; TEM observation revealed that after processed at 35°C for 4 d, the chloroplast structure appeared deformation, and after processed at 40°C for 4 d, the chloroplast structure subjected obvious destruction capsule fuzzy, fracture in different degrees, thylakoid in disorder, matrix lamellar irregular, and so on. Conclusion: According to the changes of physiological index, ultramicroscopic structure, and external morphology of chloroplast, the suitable temperature for H. serrata is 25-30°C, 40°C is the limited temperature, causing death after 4 d stress, and 35°C has obvious impact on the growth, long-time stress in 35°C could also cause plant deaths.

Effect of baicalein on proliferation and migration in multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI 8226 and U266 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of baicalein on proliferation and migration of multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines and its molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The MM cell line RPMI-8226 and U266 cells were used as the model, and treated with different concentration and time of baicalein the effect of baicalein on the MM cells proliferation was assessed by MTT assay. With or without baicalein or Interleukin-6 (IL-6) treatment, the β-catenin protein level was analyzed by immunofluorescence assay and western blot assay and mRNA levels of β-catenin, c-myc, cyclin D1 and integrin 7 gene by RT-PCR. Transwell chamber migration assay was used to detect the cells migration ability with different concentration of baicalein cultured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baicalein inhibited the MM cell line RPMI 8226 and U266 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It simultaneously inhibited β-catenin protein level to resist the effect of IL-6 on inducing MM cell proliferation, and resulted in decrease of β-catenin, c-myc, cyclinD1 and integrin β7 mRNA levels. Baicalein also decreased migration ability of MM cells in a dose-dependent manner by SDF-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Baicalein can inhibit MM cells proliferation and migration, and its molecular mechanisms are associated with inhibition of proliferation related genes β-catenin, c-myc, cyclin D1 and integrin β7 expression.</p>

Relationship between CD45 molecule expression and apoptotic sensitivity of myeloma cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of CD45 expression on induction of apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Melphalan was used to induce myeloma cell line U266 apoptosis. Serum-free culture was used to induce CD45RB gene or empty plasmid transfected U266 apoptosis. The glucose-free culture was used to induce high CD45 (CD45(hi)) or low CD45 (CD45(low)) expression AMO1 apoptosis. Intraperitoneal inoculation was used to compare the survival of CD45(-) or CD45(+) U266 cells in mice. The number of apoptotic cells and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the cytochrome C release from mitochondrial and caspase-9 activation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Melphalan treatment induced 45% of CD45(+) and 30% of CD45(-) U266 cells apoptosis. Compared with the CD45(low) AMO1 cells, CD45(hi) cells were more susceptible to apoptosis. In serum-free culture for five days, 60% of CD45RB transferred U266 cells underwent apoptosis, while in the empty plasmid transfected ones, apoptotic cell number was not significantly increased. The survival time of CD45(-) U266 cells in the SCID-hIL-6 mice was 5 times that of CD45(+) cells. After melphalan treatment, 60% of the CD45(+) U266 cells lost MMP, while only 30% of CD45(-) U266 cells, and 10% of control cells did so. After UV irradiation, CD45(+) U266 cells mitochondria released more cytochrome C, leading to more caspase-9 activation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CD45 expression is involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process and increases apoptotic sensitivity of myeloma cells under a variety of stimulation.</p>